The total or effective stress acting vertically in a soil mass; the subscript z is used when depth is measured along a vertical z-axis.
void ratio (e)
The ratio of the volume of the voids to the volume occupied by the soil grains.
Vw = volume of water
Vs = volume of solid grains.
The amount of space occupied by a body or a quantity of matter.
volume of solids (Vs)Vs = volume of solid grains in a total soil volume of V.
volume of voids (Vv)Vv = volume of voids in a total soil volume of V.
volume of water (Vw)Vw = volume of water in a total soil volume of V.
volumetric strain (ev)
The ratio of the change in volume to the original volume.